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Glipizide is a sulfonylurea drug used to lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.
Interactions with Dietary Supplements
Magnesium
In a study of people with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and low blood levels of magnesium,
treatment with glipizide was associated with a significant rise in magnesium
levels.1 In a randomized trial with eight healthy people, 850 mg magnesium hydroxide increased glipizide absorption and
activity.2 In theory, such changes could be therapeutic or detrimental under
varying circumstances. Therefore, people taking glipizide should consult with their doctor
before taking magnesium supplements.
Interactions with Herbs
Fenugreek
(Trigonella foenum-graecum)
In a randomized study of 15 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes, fenugreek (100
grams per day for ten days) was reported to reduce blood sugar, urinary sugar excretion, serum
cholesterol, and triglycerides, with no change in insulin levels, compared with ten days of
placebo.3 In a study of 60 people with type 2 diabetes, fenugreek (25 grams per day
for 24 weeks) was reported to significantly reduce blood glucose levels.4 People
using glipizide should talk with their doctor before making any therapy changes.
Gymnema
sylvestre
Herbs such as Gymnema sylvestre will often improve blood-sugar control in
diabetics.
Interactions with Foods and Other Compounds
Food
Glipizide works best when taken 30 minutes before meals.5 Effective treatment of
type 2 diabetes with glipizide includes adherence to recommended dietary guidelines.
Summary of Interactions for Glipizide
| Depletion or interference | None known |
|---|---|
| Adverse interaction | Fenugreek* Gymnema sylvestre* |
| Side effect reduction/prevention | None known |
| Supportive interaction | None known |
| Reduced drug absorption/bioavailability | None known |
| Other (see text) | Magnesium |
For the convenience of the reader, the information in the summary is categorized as follows: “Depletion or interference” indicates the drug may deplete or interfere with the absorption or function of the supplement or herb. “Adverse interaction” indicates that the supplement or herb used together with the drug may result in undesirable effects. “Side effect reduction/prevention” indicates the supplement or herb may reduce the likelihood and/or severity of a potential side effect caused by the drug. “Supportive interaction” indicates the supplement or herb may support or aid the function of the drug. “Reduced drug absorption/bioavailability” indicates that the supplement or herb may decrease the absorption and/or activity of the drug in the body. An asterisk (*) next to an item in the summary indicates that the interaction is supported only by weak, fragmentary, and/or contradictory scientific evidence.
References:
1. McBain AM, Brown IR, Menzies DG, Campbell IW. Effects of improved glycaemic control on calcium and magnesium homeostasis in type II diabetes. J Clin Pathol 1988;41:933–5.
2. Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Enhancement of absorption and effect of glipizide by magnesium hydroxide. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991;49:39–43.
3. Sharma RD, Raghuram TC, Sudhakar Rao N. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type 1 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:301–6.
4. Sharma RD, Sakar A, Hazra DK, et al. Use of fenugreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Nutr Res 1996;16:1131–9.
5. Wahlin-Boll E, Melander A, Sartor G, Schersten B. Influence of food intake on the absorption and effect of glipizide in diabetics and in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1980;18:279–83.
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The information presented in VitaminLore is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.